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UW School of Dentistry

Department: Orthodontics Faculty

Sanghee (Sunni) Lee

Background

Dr. Sanghee Lee is an Assistant Professor at the University of Washington and is currently teaching and supervising resident clinics and mentoring residents in their research activities. Dr. Lee earned her DDS degree and Master of science in science degree in Orthodontics from Yonsei University in South Korea. Then she received her orthodontic training and Master of Science in science at the Ohio State University. She is a Diplomate of the Korean Board of Orthodontists and the American Board of Orthodontists. Dr. Lee’s research interest is the application of Artificial intelligence in Orthodontics and advances in clear aligner therapy.

Publications

  • Predicting Invisalign TreatmentTime Using MachineLearning. Angle Orthod. in press, 2023
  • Murphy SJ, Lee S,Scharm JC, et al. Comparison of maxillary anteriortooth movement betweenInvisalign and fixed appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2023;S0889-5406(23)00032-X.
  • Lee S, Wu TH, Deguchi T, et al. Assessmentof malalignment factorsrelated to the Invisalign treatment time aided by automated imaging processes. Angle Orthod. 2023;93:144–150.
  • Mitchell B, Liu J, Lee S, et al. Quantitative evaluation of trainingmethod in placingminiscrews in orthodontic graduate program. Prog Orthod. 2022;23(1):33.
  • Ferraro JM, Falter J, Lee S, et al. Accuracyof three-dimensional printedmodels derived from cone-beam computed tomography. Angle Orthod. 2022;10.2319/021122-128.1.
  • Watanabe K, Lee S, Lee D, Zheng F, Kyung HM, Kim DG, Deguchi T, Authors’response. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022 Aug;162(3):288-289.
  • Watanabe K, Lee S, Lee D, Zheng F, Kyung HM, Kim DG, Deguchi T. Evaluationof clinical parameters for the stability of 2 types of miniscrews. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022 Mar;161(3):437-444.
  • Etemad L, Wu TH, Heiner P, Liu J, Lee S, Chao WL, Zaytoun ML, Guez C, Lin FC, Jackson CB, Ko CC. Machine learning from clinical data sets of a contemporary decision for orthodontic tooth extraction. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2021 Dec;24 Suppl 2:193-200. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12502.
  • Wu TH, Lian C, Lee S, Pastewait M, Piers C, Liu J, Ko CC. Two-Stage Mesh Deep Learning for Automated Tooth Segmentation and Landmark Localization on 3D Intraoral Scans. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging,2022 Nov; 41(11) 3158-66. doi: 10.1109/TMI.2022.3180343.
  • Lee S, Hwang S, Jang W, Choi YJ, Chung CJ, Kim KH. Assessmentof lower incisoralveolar bone width using cone- beam computed tomography imagesin skeletal ClassIII adults of different verticalpatterns. Korean J Orthod. 2018 Nov;48(6):349-356. doi: 10.4041/kjod.2018.48.6.349.

Heather Woloshyn

Background

Dr. Woloshyn received her dental degree in 1986 from the University of Saskatchewan and both a Certificate in Orthodontics and MSD from the University of Washington in 1993. She has a private practice in Auburn and is an Affiliate Associate Professor at the UW.

Roozbeh Khosravi

Background

Dr. Rooz Khosravi obtained his dental degree from Azad University in Tehran, Iran. He then moved to Montreal to pursue his graduate training in oral health sciences. He studied periodontal disease-associated biomarkers in children at risk of obesity as a part of his Master of Science degree at INRS-IAF. Afterwards, he relocated to Boston to obtain his PhD in Oral Biology from Boston University where he studied mechanisms of bone fragility under diabetic conditions. Dr. Khosravi next enrolled in the orthodontics program at the University of Washington while he conducted a study on management of overbite with the Invisalign appliance. Dr. Khosravi joined the department of orthodontics after his graduation to continue conducting research as well as to help implement new technology in the department.

Research Interests

Dr. Khosravi’s primary research interests are three dimensional image processing and morphometrics.

Publications

Peter A. Shapiro

Background

Dr. Shapiro is a DDS graduate of Howard University and has an MSD and Certificate from the University of Washington. He is a former chair of the Department and an ABO Diplomate. Clinical: private practice.

Research Interests

Craniofacial biology

Gregory J. King

Background

Dr. King received his AB 1965 Brown University (Biology); DMD 1969 Tufts University; Orthodontic Certificate 1975 and DMSc in Oral Biology 1976, Harvard University; ABO Diplomate. Clinical: Practiced intramurally for 30 years.

Research Interests

Alveolar bone remodeling during orthodontic treatment; Public Health and Policy research in orthodontics; Practice based research networks. Dr. King is the former and first Moore-Riedel Professor in the UW Department of Orthodontics.

Donald R. Joondeph

Background

Dr. Joondeph received his DDS 1967 and MS 1969 Northwestern University; postdoctoral fellow, University of Washington. Department chair 1975-84. Dr. Joondeph is also Past President of the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) and the American Association of Orthodontists. He served as Chair on the Commission on Dental Accreditation. He is also Past President of Pacific Coast Society of Orthodontists, Washington State Society of Orthodontists, and Northwest Component of the Angle Society. Clinical: private practice.

Douglas Ramsay

Ramsay

Doug was born and raised in Pennsylvania where he received a B.A. in psychology from Franklin & Marshall College in 1979 and a D.M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1983.  He came to the UW in 1983 as a senior fellow and in 1985 entered the UW’s NIH-funded Dentist-Scientist Training Program, which supported his doctoral studies in psychology (PhD, 1988) and specialty training in orthodontics (MSD, 1990).  He joined the UW faculty in 1990 and is currently Chair of the Department of Oral Health Sciences and the Associate Dean for Research and Faculty in the School of Dentistry.  

Doug is a professor of Orthodontics, Oral Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry.  In addition to receiving numerous NIH research grants, he was also the recipient of a Research Career Development Award from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR).  Doug is a Diplomate of the American Board of Orthodontics and a member of the Edward H. Angle Society of Orthodontists.  Doug is the Director of the UW’s Regional Clinical Dental Research Center and is currently the Director of the T90/R90 NIDCR-supported institutional training grant at the UW School of Dentistry.  Doug has directed courses in the predoctoral dental and graduate dental specialty programs, supervised patient care in the graduate orthodontics clinic, and been Chair of numerous thesis committees.

Dr. Ramsay teaches and supervises students at the undergraduate, graduate, and post-doctoral levels. Each year he directs a didactic seminar for the graduate students in Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics and provides guest lectures in other courses. As a board-certified orthodontist, he teaches and supervises patient care in the graduate orthodontics clinic throughout the year.

Dr. Ramsay’s research interests are broad and he has a record of conducting both basic and clinical research. A primary research interest of his is in the area of behavioral pharmacology with a focus on the mechanisms underlying the development of drug tolerance. His scientific interests include: mechanisms of drug tolerance, behavioral pharmacology, patient compliance, learning and memory, regulatory behavior, tooth circulation, addictive disorders, pain (mechanisms and psychophysics).

  1. Ramsay, D.S., Kaiyala, K.J and Woods, S.C. Individual Differences in Biological Regulation: Predicting Vulnerability to Drug Addiction, Obesity, and Other Dysregulatory Disorders.  Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 28, 388–403, 2020. [doi:10.1037/pha0000371].
  2. Ramsay, D.S. and Woods, S.C. Physiological regulation: How it really works.  Cell Metabolism, 24, 361-364, 2016.
  3. Ramsay, D.S., Rothen, M., Scott, J., and Cunha-Cruz, J; on behalf of the Northwest PRECEDENT network.  Tooth wear and the role of salivary measures in general practice patients.  Clinical Oral Investigations, 19, 85-95, 2015.
  4. Ramsay, D.S., Al-Noori, S., Shao, J., Leroux, B.G. and Woods, S.C., Kaiyala, K.J. Predicting addictive vulnerability: Individual differences in initial responding to a drug’s pharmacological effects.  PLoS ONE, 10(4), e0124740-e0124740, 2015. [doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124740].
  5. Ramsay, D.S. and Woods, S.C.  Clarifying the roles of homeostasis and allostasis in physiological regulation.  Psychological Review, 121 , 225-247, 2014.
  6. Ramsay, D.S., Woods, S.C. and Kaiyala, K.J.  Repeated nitrous oxide exposure in rats causes a thermoregulatory sign-reversal with concurrent activation of opposing thermoregulatory effectors.  Temperature [Special Issue on Temperature and Toxicology with Focus on Drugs of Abuse], 1, 257-267, 2014.
  7. Ramsay, D.S., Woods, S.C. and Kaiyala, K.J.  Drug-induced regulatory overcompensation has motivational consequences: Implications for homeostatic and allostatic models of drug addiction.  Temperature [Special Issue on Temperature and Toxicology with Focus on Drugs of Abuse], 1, 248-256, 2014.
  8. Ramsay, D.S.  Patient compliance with oral hygiene regimens:  A behavioural self-regulation analysis with implications for technology.  International Dental Journal, 50, 304-311, 2000.
  9. Ramsay, D.S. and Woods, S.C.  Biological consequences of a drug administration:  Implications for acute and chronic tolerance.  Psychological Review, 104, 170-193, 1997.
  10. Ramsay, D.S., Årtun, J., and Martinen, S.S.  Reliability of pulpal blood flow measurements utilizing laser Doppler flowmetry.  Journal of Dental Research, 70, 1427-1430, 1991.

A complete list of Dr. Ramsay’s published work can be found in MyBibliography

Katherine Rafferty

Background

Dr. Rafferty received her PhD in Functional Anatomy from Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in 1996. After teaching at Brown University for two years she came to the University of Washington to do research with Sue Herring and subsequently joined the faculty. Kathy teaches in the dental/medical student gross anatomy course and also co-teaches the head and neck graduate course for residents in the dental school.

Research Interests

Her research is in craniofacial biomechanics, with particular focus on bone strain and functional adaptation of bony tissue.

Publications

  1. Marchi, D, Ruff, C, Rafferty, KL, Habib, M, Patel, B. (Submitted). Postcranial suspensory adaptations of the sub-fossil lemur Babakotia rodofilai. American Journal of Physical Anthropology.
  2. Al Dayeh AA, Rafferty KL, Egbert M, Herring S. 2013. Real-time monitoring of the growth of the nasal septal cartilage and nasofrontal suture. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 143(6): 773-83. 2013
  3. Navarrete AL, Rafferty KL, Liu ZJ, Ye W, Greenlee GM, Herring SW. 2013. Botulinum neurotoxin type A in the masseter muscle: Effects on incisor eruption in rabbits. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 143(4):499-506. PMID: 23561411
  4. Rafferty KL, Liu ZJ, Ye W, Navarrete AL, Nguyen TT, Salamati A, Herring SW. 2012 Botulinum toxin in masticatory muscles: Short- and long-term effects on muscle, bone, and craniofacial function in adult rabbits. Bone 50(3):651-62.
  5. Herring SW, Li Y, Liu Y, Liu ZJ, Popowics TE, Rafferty KL, Wang S. 2012. Oral biology and dental models. In The Minipig in Biomedical Research, ed. McAnulty PA, Dayan, A, Hastings KH, Ganderup, N-C, Taylor & Francis.
  6. Herring SW, Rafferty KL, Liu Z-J, Lemme M. 2011 Mastication and the postorbital ligament: Dynamic strain in soft tissues. Integr. Comp. Biol. 51:297-306. PMID:21593142
  7. Burn AK, Herring SW, Hubbard R, Zink K, Rafferty K, Lieberman DE. 2010. Dietary consistency and the midline sutures in growing pigs. Orthod. Craniofac. Res. 13:106-113.
  8. Dutra E, Caria PHF, Rafferty KL, Herring SW. 2010. The buccinator during mastication: a functional and anatomical evaluation in minipigs. Archives Oral Biol. 55:627-638. PMID: 20621287.
  9. Yeh K, Popowics T, Rafferty K, Herring S, Egbert M. 2010. The effects of tooth extraction on alveolar bone biomechanics in the miniature pig, Sus scrofa. Arch Oral Biol. 55:663-669. PMID: 20580345.
  10. Popowics TE, Yeh K, Rafferty KL, Herring SW (2009). Functional cues in the development of osseous tooth support in the pig, Sus scrofa. J Biomech 2009; 42(12):1961-1966. PMCID: PMC2725193.
  11. Al Dayeh AA, Rafferty KL, Egbert M, Herring SW (2009). Deformation of nasal septal cartilage during mastication. J Morphol 2009; 270:1209-1218. MIHMSID 160580.
  12. Herring SW, Rafferty KL, Liu ZJ, Sun Z (2008). A non-primate model for the fused symphysis: in vivo studies in the pig. In Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology, ed. Vinyard C, Ravosa M, Wall C. Springer, New York, pp. 19/37.
  13. Rafferty, KL, Sun, Z, Egbert, M, Bakko, DW, and Herring SW (2007). Changes in growth and morphology of the condyle following mandibular distraction in minipigs: Overloading or Underloading? Archives of Oral Biology 52: 967-976.
  14. Sun, Z, Rafferty, KL, Egbert, MA and Herring, SW (2007). Masticatory mechanics of a mandibular distraction osteogenesis site: Interfragmentary micromovement. Bone 41:188-196.
  15. Ross, CF, Dharia, R, Herring, SW, Hylander, WL, Liu, ZJ, Rafferty, KL, Ravosa, MJ, and Williams, SW (2007). Modulation of mandibular loading and bite force in mammals during mastication. J. Exp. Biol. 2007 210: 1046-1063.
  16. Sun, Z, Rafferty, KL, Egbert, MA, and Herring, SW (2006). Mandibular mechanics following osteotomy and appliance placement. I Mobility of the distraction site. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 64: 610-619.
  17. Rafferty, KL, Sun, Z, Egbert, MA, Baird, EE, and Herring, SW (2006). Mandibular mechanics following osteotomy and appliance placement. II Bone strain on the body and condylar neck. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 64: 620-627.
  18. Williams, BE, King, GJ, Liu, ZJ, and Rafferty, KL (2005). Sequential histomorphometric analysis of regenerate osteogenesis following mandibular distraction in the rat. Arch. Oral Bio 50:497
  19. Rafferty, KL, Egbert, MA, and Herring, SW (2004). Bony strains in response to distractor activation. In: Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement and Craniofacial Adaptation (Z. Davidovitch and J. Mah, eds.), pp. 59-62. Harvard Society for the Advancement of Orthodontics, Boston, Massachusetts.
  20. Sun, Z, Rafferty, KL, Egbert, MA, and Herring, SW (2004). Mandibular osteotomy site separation during acute distraction. In: Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement and Craniofacial Adaptation (Z. Davidovitch and J. Mah, eds.), pp. 53-58. Harvard Society for the Advancement of Orthodontics, Boston, Massachusetts.
  21. Herring, SW, Sun Z, Egbert, MA, Rafferty, KL, and Liu, ZJ (2004). Is distraction the only motion permitted at the osteotomy site? Fixation and stability in the pig mandible. In: Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement and Craniofacial Adaptation (Z. Davidovitch and J. Mah, eds.), pp. 31-38. Harvard Society for the Advancement of Orthodontics, Boston, Massachusetts.
  22. Rafferty, KL, Herring, SW, and Marshall, CD (2003). The biomechanics of the rostrum and the role of facial sutures. Journal of Morphology 257:33-44
  23. Rafferty, KL, Teaford, MF, and Jungers WL (2002). Molar microwear of subfossil lemurs: Improving the resolution of dietary inferences. Journal of Human Evolution 43:645-657.
  24. Herring, SW, Rafferty, KL, Liu, ZJ, and Marshall, CD (2001). Jaw muscles and the skull in mammals: The biomechanics of mastication. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part 1 31(1):207-219.
  25. Yun, TJ, Tallquist, MD, Aicher, A, Rafferty, KL, Marshall, AJ, Moon, JJ, Ewings, MK, Mohaupt, M, Herring, S, and EA Clark (2001). Osteoprotegerin, a crucial regulator of bone metabolism, also regulates B cell development and function. Journal of Immunology,166:1482-1491 .
  26. Herring, SW and Rafferty, KL (2000). Cranial and facial sutures: functional loading in relation to growth and morphology. In: Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Eruption, Resorption and Replacement by Implants (Z. Davidovitch and J. Mah, eds.), pp. 269‑276. Harvard Society for the Advancement of Orthodontics, Boston, Massachusetts.
  27. Rafferty, KL, Herring, SW and Artese, F (2000). Three‑dimensional loading and growth of the zygomatic arch. Journal of Experimental Biology 203:2093‑2104.
  28. Rafferty, KL and Herring, SW (1999). Cranial sutures: Morphology, Growth and in vivo masticatory strains. Journal of Morphology 242:167‑179.
  29. Rafferty, KL (1998). Structural Design of the Femoral Neck in Primates. Journal of Human Evolution 34:361‑383
  30. Rafferty, KL, Walker, A, Rose, MD, and Andrews, PJ (1995). Postcranial estimates of body weight in Proconsul, with a note on ‑a distal tibia of P. major from Napak, Uganda. ‘American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 97:391‑402
  31. Rafferty, KL and Ruff, CB (1994). Articular structure and function in Hylobates, Colobus, and Papio. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 94:395‑408.

Zi-Jun Liu

Background

DDS in 1983, Nanjing Medical University, China, MS in Oral Physiology in 1986, The 4th Military Medical University, China, PhD in Oral Physiology in 1991, Osaka University, Japan.

Interests

Biology of craniofacial skeletons and musculatures (growth, remodeling, adaptation and biomechanics). Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) function and and functional disorders (TMD). Mechanism of orthodontic tooth movements and material properties of periodontal ligaments.

Publications

(*: Correspondence author, in chronological order)
Peer-Reviewed Papers

1. Liu Z.J.* and Wang H.Y.: A comparative study of sound patterns and arthrograms in the cases with TMJ disorders. J. Practical Stomatology, 2:36-40, 1986

2. Liu Z.J.*, Wang H.Y., Pu W.Y. and Yan C.Y.: EMG study on superior and inferior bellies of lateral pterygoid muscle in the normal adults and its clinical value. J. Practical Stomatology, 2:104-108, 1986

3. Liu Z.J.*, Wang H.Y. and Pu W.Y.: A comparative study on EMG of lateral pterygoid muscle and TMJ arthrography in the TMJ sounds patients. J. Practical Stomatology, 2:227-231, 1986

4. Wang H.Y., Shi J.Z., Yan C.Y. and Liu Z.J.: Properties of bite force in the normal adults. J. Practical Stomatology, 3:67-71, 1987

5. Liu Z.J.* and Wang H.Y.: TMJ disc displacement relative to condylar position and abnormality of mandibular movements. J. Comprehensive Stomatology, 3:136-139, 1987

6. Liu Z.J.* and Wang H.Y.: A clinical and radiological study in cases with TMJDS sounds. West China J. Stomatology, 5:239-243, 1987

7. Wang H.Y.*, Liu Z.J., Wang M.Q., Jiao G.L., Zhen Y.G. and Yang Z.G.: Design and application of 8-channel electromyograph used in oro-maxillofacial region. J. Practical Stomatology, 4:114-118, 1988.

8. Liu Z.J.* and Wang H.Y.: Comprehensive study on occlusion, EMG and radiography in cases with TMJ clickings. J. Chinese Stomatology, 23:276-278, 1988

9. Liu Z.J.*, Wang H.Y. and Pu W.Y.: Clinical and radiological observation on treatment of TMJ internal derangement by repositioning splint: A follow-up study by arthrography. J. Chinese Stomatology, 24:91-94, 1989

10. Liu Z.J.*, Wang H.Y. and Pu W.Y.: A comparative electromyographic study of the lateral pterygoid muscle and arthrography in patients with temporomandibular joint disturbance syndrome sounds. J. Prosthet Dent., 62:229-233, 1989

11. Gu G.M., Niu X.F., Ye X.Y., Li X.H. and Liu Z.J.*: A comparative study on mandibular position and electromyography of masticatory muscles in edentulous cases before and after complete denture prosthesis. J. Practical Stomatology, 6:111-114, 1990

12. Liu Z.J.*, Wang H.Y., Liu D.D. and Li G.P.: A computer-aid method of calculating TMJ space and its clinical application. J. Stomatology, 10:131-133, 1990

13. Liu Z.J.*: Coordination and modification of cortically induced rhythmic jaw and tongue movements in the rabbit. J. Osaka University Dental Society, 36:39-52, 1991

14. Xu R.S., Liu Z.J.*, Wang H.Y. and Yan C.Y.: Characteristics of condylar position and intercuspal position in the cases with Angle’s II and III malocclusion. West China J. Stomatology, 11:252-254, 1993

15. Liu Z.J.*, Wang H.Y., Masuda Y. and Morimoto T.: Cinefluororadiographic observation of cortically induced rhythmic movements of mandible, tongue and hyoid. West China J. Stomatology, 11:23-28, 1993

16. Liu Z.J., Masuda Y., Inoue T.*, Fuchihata M., Sumida A., Takata K. and Morimoto T.*: Coordination of cortically induced rhythmic jaw and tongue movements in the rabbit. J. Neurophysiol., 69:569-584, 1993

17. Liu Z.J.*, Wang H.Y., Masuda Y. and Morimoto T.: A comparative study between cortically induced fictive mastication and actual mastication in acute and chronic rabbits. J. Chinese Stomatology, 29:305-308, 1994.

18. Xu R.S.*, Liu Z.J., Wang H.Y., Lin Z. and He M.Y.: A study of the condyle position in Angle’s I, II, III malocclusion. China J. Orthodontics, 2:61-63, 1995

19. Tang W.Z., Tang L., Jin J. and Liu Z.J.*: Physiological properties of oral sensation. J. Practical Stomatology, 12:28-30, 1996

20. Yasui S., Nokubi T.*, Nakamura K., Nagashima T., Yoshida M., Yoyoshima M., Liu Z.J., Yao Y.L. and Wang H.Y.: Influences of the position of occlusal support on the perception of mandibular position. J. Japan Prosthodontic Society, 40:117-121, 1996

21. Liu Z.J.*, Kubata S., Yamagata Y., Suenaga S., Noikura T. and Ito G.: Quantitative and multidimensional evaluation of symptoms and correlative factors for temporomandibular disorders in clinical and subclinical subjects. J. Japan Orthodontic Society, 55:445-460, 1996

22. Liu Z.J.*, Ikeda K., Harada Y., Kasahara Y. and Ito G.: Functional properties of jaw and tongue muscles in rats fed a liquid diet after being weaned. J. Dent. Res., 77: 366-376, 1998

23. Liu Z.J.*, Yamagata Y., Kasahara Y. and Ito G.: Electromyographic examination of jaw muscles in relation to symptoms and occlusion of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. J.Oral Rehabil., 26: 33-47,1999.

24. Ikeda K.*, Liu Z.J. and Ito G.: Development of alternative activity of masseter and anterior digastrics in rats fed by kneaded diet. Dentistry in Japan, 35: 81-83, 1999

25. Liu Z.J.* and Herring S.W.: Bone surface strains and internal bony pressures at the jaw joint during masticatory muscle contraction. Arch. Oral Biol., 45:95-112, 2000

26. Liu Z.J.*, Yamagata Y., Kuroe K., Suenaga S., Noikura K. and Ito G.: Morphological and positional assessments of TMJ components and lateral pterygoid muscle in relation to symptoms and occlusion of patients with temporomandibular disorders. J. Oral Rehabil., 27:860-874, 2000

27. Liu Z.J.* and Herring S.W.: Masticatory strains on osseous and ligamentous components of the jaw joint in miniature pigs. J. Orofac. Pain, 14:265-278, 2000

28. Herring S.W*. and Liu Z.J.: Loading of the TMJ: Anatomical and in vivo evidence from the bones Cells Tissues Organs, 169: 193-200, 2001

29. Herring S.W.*, Rafferty K.L., Liu Z.J. and Marshall C.D.: Jaw muscles and the skull in mammals: The biomechanics of mastication. J. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 131:207-219, 2001

30. Sun Z.*, Liu Z.J. and Herring S.W.: Movement of TMJ tissue during mastication and passive manipulation: study in miniature pigs. Arch. Oral Biol., 47:293-305, 2002

31. Herring S.W.*, Decker J.D., Liu Z.J. and Ma T.: Temporomandibular joint in miniature pigs: Anatomy, cell replication, and relation to loading. Anat. Rec. 266:152-166, 2002

32. Connolly J.P.*, Liu Z.J, Wang L.L., Whelan M.F., Huang G.J., Williams J.K. and King G.J. A custom mandibular distraction device for the rat. J. Craniofac. Surg. 13:445-449, 2002

33. Gu G.M.*, Yoshida R., Liu Z.J., Hirose T. and Ito G.: Muscle fiber composition and electromyographic features of cervical muscles following prolonged head extension in growing rats. Eur. J. Orthod. 25:20-33, 2003

34. Liu Z.J.*, King G.J., Herring S.W. and Whelan M.F.: Alterations of morphology andmicrodensity in the Condyle following mandibular osteodistraction in the rat. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 61:918-927, 2003

35. King G.J.*, Liu Z.J., Wang L.L., Chiu I.Y. Whelan M.F.and Huang G.J.: Effect of distraction rate and consolidation period on bone density in mandibular osteodistraction rats. Arch. Oral Biol. 48:299-308, 2003

36. Baskin C.R.*, Liu Z.J., King G.J. and Maggio-Price L.: Vascular leak syndrome in Sprague-Dawley rats in mandibular distraction osteogenesis study. Comp. Med. 53:207-212, 2003.

37. Liu Z. J.*, Green J.R., Moore C.A. and Herring S.W.: Time series analysis of jaw muscle contraction and tissue deformation during mastication in miniature pigs. J. Oral Rehabil. 31:7-17, 2004

38. Liu Z.J.*, Anderson M.W., Gu G.M. and King G.J.: Apoptosis in the regenerate produced by mandibular osteodistraction in skeleton mature rats. J. Orthod. Craniofac. Res. 8:41-51, 2005.

39. Liu Z.J.*, King, G.J. Gu G.M., Shin J.Y and D.R. Stewart.: Does human relaxin accelerate orthodontic tooth movement in rats? Ann NY Acad Sci 1041:388-394, 2005.

40. Shin J.Y., Liu Z.J.* and King G.J,: Trabecular organization of mandibular osteodistraction in growing and maturing rats. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 63:77-86, 2005.

41. Williams B.E., King G. J., Liu Z.J.* and Rafferty K.L.: Dynamic histomorphometric analysis of regenerate osteogenesis following mandibular distraction in the rat. Arch. Oral Biol. 50:497-508, 2005.

42. Liu Z.J.*, King G.J and Herring S.W.: Condylar mineralization following mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rapidly and slowly growing rats. J. Dent. Res. 85: 653-657, 2006.

43. Okafuji N., Liu Z.J.* and King G.J.: Assessment of cell proliferation during mandibular osteodistraction in the mature rat. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 130:612-621, 2006.

44. Liu Z.J.*, Kayalioglu M., Shcherbatyy V. and Seifi A.: Tongue deformation, jaw movement and muscle activity during mastication in pigs. Arch. Oral Biol. 52:309-312, 2007.

45. Madan M.S., Liu Z.J.*, Gu G.M. and King G.J.: Effects of human relaxin on orthodontic tooth movement and periodontal ligaments in rats. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 131: 8e1-10, 2007.

46. Kayalioglu M., Shcherbatyy V. Seifi A. and Liu Z.J.*: Roles of tongue intrinsic and extrinsic muscles in feeding: Electromyographic study in pigs. Arch. Oral Biol. 52:786-796, 2007.

47. Ross C.F.*, Dharia R., Herring S.W., Hylander W.L., Liu Z.J., Rafferty K.L., Ravosa M.J. and Willaims S.H.: Modulation of mandibular corpus bone strain in mammals during mastication. J. Exp. Biol. 210:1046-63, 2007.

48. Shcherbatyy V. and Liu Z.J.*: Internal kinematics of the tongue during feeding in pigs. Anat. Rec. 290:128 1299, 2007.

49. Liu Z.J.*, Shcherbatyy V. and Perkins J.A.: Functional loads of the tongue and consequence of the volume reduction. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 66(7):1351-1361, 2008,

50. Liu Z.J.*, Yamamura B., Shcherbatyy V. and Green J.R.: Regional volumetric changes of the tongue during mastication in pigs. J. Oral Rehabil. 35(8):604-612, 2008.

51. Shcherbatyy V., Perkins J.A. and Liu Z.J.*: Internal Kinematics of the Tongue following Volume Reduction. Anat. Rec. 291(7):886-893, 2008.

52. Liu Z.J.*, Shcherbatyy V, Gu G.M. and Perkins J.A.: Effects of tongue body volume reduction on craniofacial growth: A longitudinal study on orofacial skeletons and dental arches. Arch. Oral Biol. 53:991-1001, 2008.

53. Perkins J.A.*, Shcherbatyy V. and Liu Z.J.: Morphologic and histologic outcomes of tongue reduction surgery in an animal model. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 139:291-297, 2008.

54. Liu Z.J.*, Shcherbatyy V., Kayalioglu M. and Seifi A.: Internal kinematics of the tongue in relation to muscle activity and jaw movement during feeding. J. Oral. Rehabil. 36:660-674, 2009.

55. Yousefzadeh F., Shcherbatyy V., King G.J., Huang G.J. and Liu Z.J*: A cephalometric and electromyographic study in patients of East-African ethnicity with and without anterior open bite. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 137:236-246, 2010.

56. Ye W.M, Abu A.F and Liu Z.J*: Assessment of cell proliferation and muscular structure following surgical tongue volume reduction in pigs. Cell Proliferation, 43(6): 562-572, 2010.

57. Herring S.W., Rafferty K.L., Liu Z.J. and Lemme M.: Mastication and the postorbital ligament: Dynamic strain in soft tissues. Integrative & Comparative Biology, 51:297-306, 2011.

58. Rafferty K.L., Liu Z.J., Ye, M., Alfonso L.N., Nguyen T.T., Salamati A., Herrin S.W*: Botulinum toxin in masticatory muscles: Short- and long-term effects on muscle, bone, and craniofacial function in adult rabbits. Bone, 50(3):551-562, 2012.

59. Navarrete A.L., Rafferty KL, Liu Z.J., Ye W, Herring S.W.: Botulinum neurotoxin type A in the masseter muscle: Effects on incisor eruption in rabbits. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 143:499-506, 2013.

60. Ye W.M, Duan Y.Z. and Liu Z.J*: Alteration of functional loads after tongue volume reduction. J. Craniofac. Orthod Res, 16:234-245 2013.

Book Chapters

1. Liu Z.J.*, Wang H.Y., Masuda Y. and Morimoto T.: Coordination of jaw, tongue and hyoid muscles during drinking and mastication in the awake rabbit. In: Brain and Oral Function – Oral Motor Function and Dysfunction, T. Morimoto, T. Matsuya and K. Takada, Eds.,The Netherlands: Elsevier Science B.V., pp. 597-600, 1995

2. Morimoto T.*, Nakamura O., Ogata K., Liu Z.J., Matsuo R., Inoue T., Masuda Y., Saito O., Mizuno J. and Kato K.: Autoregulation of masticatory force in the anesthetized rabbit. In: Brain and Oral Function – Oral Motor Function and Dysfunction, T. Morimoto, T. Matsuya and K. Takata Eds., The Netherlands: Elsevier Science B.V., pp.115-124, 1995

3. Ikeda K.*, Liu Z.J., Harada S., Kasahara Y. and Ito G.: Alternative activities of masseter and anterior digastrics in growing rats fed a kneaded diet. In: Neurobiology of Mastication – from Molecular to System Approach, Y. Nakamura and B.J. Sessle, ed. The Netherlands: Elsevier Science B.V., pp. 379-381, 1999.

4. Herring S.W.*, Sun Z., Egbert M.A., Rafferty K.L. and Liu Z.J.: Is distraction the only motion permitted at the osteotomy site? Fixation and stability of the pig mandible. In: Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement & Craniofacial Adaptation, ed. Z. Davidovotch and J. Mah, Harvard Soc. Adv. Orthodontics, pp. 31-38, 2004.

5. Liu Z.J.*, King G.J. and Herring S.W.: Why do we fail to achieve predicted lengthening in mandibular osteodistraction? Observations on condylar morphology and microdensity in growing and maturing rats. In: Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Movement & Craniofacial Adaptation, ed. Z. Davidovitch and J. Mah, Harvard Soc. Adv. Orthodontics, pp. 39-51, 2004.

6. Liu Z.J.*, Shcherbatyy V., Kayalioglu M. and Seifi A.: Dimensional changes of the tongue during activation of hypoglossal nerves and contraction of tongue muscles. In: Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Eruption, Resorption, and Movement, ed. Z. Davidovitch and J. Mah, Harvard Soc. Adv. Orthodontics, pp. 305-312, 2006.

7. Pavlin D., Hulme R.D., King G.J., Liu Z.J., Gluhak-Heinrich J.: Regulation of osteopontin in para-surgical bone cell following mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rats. In: Biological Mechanisms of Tooth Eruption, Resorption, and Movement, ed. Z. Davidovitch and J. Mah, Harvard Soc. Adv. Orthodontics, pp. 429-438, 2006.

8. Herring S.W.*, Rafferty L.K, Liu Z.J. and Sun Z.: A nonprimate model for the fused symphysis: in vivo studies in the pig. Vinyard, C.J., Ravosa, M.J., and C.E. Wall, eds. Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology; Series: Developments in Primatology Series. New York, Springer, 2008, p19-36.

9. Liu Z.J:* Effects of Surgical Tongue Volume Reduction: Outcome Measure on Function and Growth. In: Surgical Enhancement of Orthodontic Treatment. Monograph 47, Craniofacial Growth Series, ed. McNamara JA Jr, and Kapila SD. Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry and Center for Human Growth and Development, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, pp. 283-308, 2010.

10. Herring S.W.*, Li Y.M., Liu Z.J., Popowics T.E., Rafferty K.L., and Wang S.L.: Oral Biology and Dental Models. In: The Minipigs in Biomedical Research. ed. PA. McAnulty, AD. Dayan, N-C. Ganderup, and KL. Hastings, CRC, Taylor & Francis Group, London, New York. p. 491-516, 2011.

11. Liu Z. J.: Tongue musculature – Response to neuromuscular diseases and specific pathologies. In: Craniofacial Muscles: A new Framework for Understanding the Effector Side of Craniofacial Muscle Control. Eds. LK Mcloon and F Andrate. Springer, New York, p. 241-262, 2013.

Greg J. Huang

Huang
Dr. Huang received his DMD 1987 University of Florida; MSD and Certificate in Orthodontics (1989) & MPH (2001) University of Washington. Diplomate of the American Board of Orthodontics. Associate Editor of AJODO. Private practice: Bellevue, WA.
Practice-based research, orthodontic outcomes and stability, evidence-based orthodontics.
  1. Huang GJ and Soderholm KJ. 1989. In vitro investigation of shear bond strength of a phosphate based dentinal bonding agent. Scand J Dent Res 97(1): 84-92.
  2. Huang GJ, Justus R, Kennedy DB, Kokich VG. 1990. Stability of anterior openbite treated with crib therapy. Angle Orthod 60(1): 17-24; discussion 25-6.
  3. Noxon SJ, King GJ, Gu G, Huang GJ. 2001. Osteoclast clearance from periodontal tissues during orthodontic tooth movement. AJODO 120(5): 466-76.
  4. Huang GJ, LeResche L, Critchlow CW, Martin MD, Drangsholt MT. 2002. Risk factors for diagnostic subgroups of painful TMD. JDR 81(4): 282-8.
  5. Connolly JP, Liu ZJ, Wang LL, Whelan MF, Huang GJ, Williams JK, King GJ. 2002. A custom mandibular distraction device for the rat. J Craniofac Surgery 13(3):445-52.
  6. Huang GJ. 2002. Long-term stability of anterior openbite therapy: a review. Seminars in Orthodontics 8(3): 132-72.
  7. Pang JWY, Heffelfinger JD, Huang GJ, Benedetti TJ, Weiss NS. 2002. Outcomes of planned home births in Washington state: 1989-1996. Obstet Gynecol 100(2): 253-9.
  8. King GJ, Wang LL, Liu ZJ, Chiu IY, Huang GJ. 2003. Effect of distraction rate and consolidation period on bone density following mandibular osteodistraction in rats. Archives of Oral Biology 48(4): 299-308.
  9. Huang GJ, del Aguila MA. 2003. The distribution of orthodontic services and fees in an insured population in Washington state. AJODO 124(4): 366-72.
  10. Bollen AM, Huang GJ, King GJ, Hujoel P, Ma T. 2003. Sequential removable orthodontic appliances, activation time and material stiffness – Part I: Ability to complete treatment. AJODO 124(5): 496-501
  11. Clements KM, Bollen AM, Huang GJ, King GJ, Hujoel P, Ma T. 2003. Sequential Removable Orthodontic Appliances, Activation Time and Material Stiffness – Part II: Dental Improvements. AJODO 124(5): 502-8.
  12. Huang GJ, Marston BE, del Aguila MA. 2004. Orthodontic care in an insured population in Washington: demographic factors. AJODO 125(6): 741-6.
  13. Nett BC, Huang GJ. 2005. Long-term posttreatment changes measured by the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system. AJODO 127(4):444-50.
  14. Mirabelli JT, Huang GJ, Siu CH, King GJ, Omnell L. 2005. Effectiveness of phase I orthodontic treatment in a Medicaid population. AJODO 127(5):592-8.
  15. Ormiston JP, Huang GJ, Little RM, Decker JD, Seuk GD. 2005. A retrospective analysis of long-term stable and unstable orthodontic treatment outcomes. AJODO 128(5):568-74.
  16. Theis JE, Huang GJ. King GJ, Omnell ML. 2005. Eligibility for publicly funded orthodontic treatment determined by the handicapping labiolingual deviation index. AJODO 128(6):708-15.
  17. AAO Council on Scientific Affairs (Huang GJ, et al). 2005. Ask us: Functional appliances and long-term effects on mandibular growth. AJODO 128(3):271-2.
  18. Orsini GM, Huang GJ, Kiyak HA, Ramsay DS, Bollen AM, Anderson NK, Giddon DB. 2006. Innovative methods for evaluating facial profile preferences. AJODO 130(3):283-91.
  19. Huang GJ, Rue T. 2006. Third molar extraction as a risk factor for TMD. JADA 137(11)1547-54.
  20. LeResche L, Mancl LA, Drangsholt MT, Huang GJ, Von Korff M. 2007. Predictors of onset of facial pain and temporomandibular disorders in early adolescence. Pain 129(3):269-78. (Epub Nov 2006).
  21. Huang GJ, Drangsholt MA, Rue TC, Cruikshank DC, Hobson KA. 2008. Age and third molar extraction as risk factors for TMD. JDR 87(3):283-287.
  22. Kim S, Herring SW, Wang I-C, Alcalde R, Mak V, Fu IC, Huang GJ. 2008. A comparison of miniplates and teeth for orthodontic anchorage. AJODO 133(2):189.e1-9.
  23. Bollen AM, Cunha-Cruz J, Bakko DW, Huang GJ, Hujoel PP. 2008. Effects of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health; a systematic review of controlled evidence. JADA 139(4):413-22.
  24. Baldwin D, Bollen AM, King GJ, Ramsay DS, Huang GJ. 2008. Activation time and material stiffness of sequential removable orthodontic appliances. Part 3: Premolar extraction cases. AJODO 133:837-45.
  25. Hobson KA, Huang GJ, Covell DA. 2008. Patterns of dental care utilization among patients with TMD disorders. JOP 22:108-14.
  26. Marshall SD, English JD Jr, Huang GJ, Messersmith ML, Nah HD, Riolo ML, Shroff B, Southard TE, Suri L, Turpin DL. 2008. Ask us. Long-term stability of maxillary expansion. AJODO.133(6):780-1.
  27. Ryan-Taylor K, Kiyak A, Huang GJ, Greenlee GM, Jolley CJ, King GJ. 2009. Effects of Malocclusion and Its Treatment on the Quality of Life of Adolescents. AJODO 136:382-92.
  28. Suri L, Huang G, English JD Jr, Owen S, Nah HD, Riolo ML, Shroff B, Southard TE, Turpin DL. 2009. Ask us. Topical fluoride treatment. AJODO. 135(5):561-3.
  29. Struble BH and Huang GJ. 2010. A Comparison of Prospectively and Retrospectively Selected American Board of Orthodontics Cases. AJODO. 137(1): 6.e1-8; discussion 6-8.
  30. Yousefzadeh F, Shcherbatyy V, King GJ, Huang GJ, and Liu ZJ. 2010. A Cephalometric and Electromyographic Study of Open-bite/Overbite in Patients of East-African Ethnicity. AJODO. 137(2):236-46.
  31. Zuroff JP, Chen SH, Shapiro PA, Little RM, Joondeph DR, Huang GJ. 2010. Orthodontic Treatment of Anterior Open-bite Malocclusion: Stability Ten-years Post-retention. AJODO. 137(3):302.e1-8; discussion 302-3.
  32. Jolley C, Huang GJ, Greenlee GM, Spiekerman C, Kiyak HA King GK. 2010. The dental effects of interceptive treatment in a Medicaid population: results from a randomized clinical trial. AJODO.137(3):324-33.
  33. Chen SH, Greenlee GM, Kim E, Smith C, Huang GJ, 2010. A systematic review of self-ligating brackets. AJODO. 137(6): 726.e1-726.e18.
  34. Marshall SD, Currier FG, Hatch NE, Huang GJ, Nah HD, Owens SE, Shroff B, Southard TE, Suri L, Turpin DL. 2010. Ask Us: Self-ligating bracket claims. AJODO. 138(2):128-31.
  35. Hyde JD, King GJ, Greenlee GM, Spiekerman C, Huang GJ. 2010. Survey of orthodontist’s attitudes and experiences regarding miniscrew implants. JCO. 44: 481-6.
  36. Greenlee GM, Chen SH, Chen J, Huang GJ. 2011. Stability of treatment for anterior openbite malocclusion: a meta-analysis. AJODO 139(2):154-69.
  37. King GJ, Kiyak HA, Greenlee GM, Huang GJ, Spiekerman CF. 2012. Medicaid and privately financed orthodontic patients have similar occlusal and psychosocial outcomes. J Public Health Dent. 72:94-103.
  38. King GJ, Spiekerman CF, Greenlee GM, Huang GJ. 2012. Randomized clinical trial of interceptive and comprehensive orthodontics. J Dent Res. 91:59S-64S.
  39. Huang GJ, Bates S, Ehlert A, Whiting D, Chen S, Bollen AM. 2012. Stability of Deepbite Treatment: a systematic review. JWFO. 1:e89-96.
  40. Lotwala RB, Greenlee GM, Ott SM, Hall, SH, and Huang GJ. 2012. Bisphosphonates as a risk factor for adverse orthodontic outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. AJODO 142(5):625-634e3.
  41. Fontes AM, Joondeph DR, Bloomquist DS, Greenlee GM, Wallen TR, Huang GJ. 2012. Long-term stability of anterior open-bite closure with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. AJODO 142(6):792-800.
  42. Huang GJ, Roloff-Chiang B, Bills BE, Shalchi S, Spiekerman C, Korpal AM, Starett JL, Greenlee GM, Drangsholt RJ, Matunas JC. 2013. The effectiveness of MI Paste Plus and PreviDent fluoride varnish for treatment of white spot lesions: a randomized controlled trial. AJODO. 143:31-41.
  43. Senestraro SV, Crowe JJ, Wang M, Vo A, Huang G, Ferracane J, Covell DA Jr. 2013. Minimally invasive resin infiltration of arrested white-spot lesions: a randomized clinical trial. JADA. 144:997-1005.
  44. Cunha-Cruz J, Rothen M, Spiekerman C, Drangsholt M, McClellan L, Huang GJ. Recommendations for third molar removal: a practice-based cohort study. AJPH. (in press)
  45. Huang GJ, Cunha-Cruz J, Rothen M, Spiekerman C, Drangsholt M, Anderson L, Roset G. A prospective study of clinical outcomes related to third molar removal or retention. AJPH. (in press)
  1. Huang GJ, Gansky SA. 2001. The relationship between exogenous estrogen and TMD. J Evid Base Dent Pract 1:191-3.
  2. Huang GJ, Hujoel PP. 2002. The influence of age and sex on facial asymmetry. J Evid Base Dent Pract 2: 80-1.
  3. Huang GJ. 2002. Effect of combined antimicrobial and fluoride varnish in orthodontic patients. J Evid Base Dent Pract 2:115-6.
  4. John MT, Huang GJ. 2002. The psychosocial impact of orthognathic surgery is unknown. J Evid Base Dent Pract 2: 211.
  5. Huang, GJ. 2003. Traditional orthodontic treatment, orthodontic appliances, and extraction for orthodontic treatment do not appear to cause TMD. J Evid Base Dent Pract 3:28-30.
  6. Huang GJ. 2003. Case Report – How would you treat this malocclusion? PCSO Bulletin 75(3): 24-25, 46-47.
  7. Huang GJ. 2004. The effectiveness of the twin-block appliance for the correction of class II division I malocclusion during mixed dentition. J Evid Base Dent Pract 4:222-3.
  8. Huang GJ. 2004. The psychosocial benefits of the twin-block appliance in class II division I patients during mixed dentition. J Evid Base Dent Pract 4:286-7.
  9. Huang GJ. 2004. Making the case for evidence-based orthodontics . AJODO 125(4): 405-6.
  10. Huang GJ. 2004. Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular disorders. AJODO 126(2):138-9.
  11. Huang GJ. 2005. Orthodontic repositioning of traumatically intruded maxillary incisors minimizes negative sequelae. J Evid Base Dent Pract 5:145-6.
  12. Huang GJ. 2005. Fasten you seat belts for the bumpy ride to evidence-based practice. AJODO 127(1):4-5.
  13. Huang GJ. 2005. What do we want to know? AJODO 127(6):648-9.
  14. Huang GJ. 2006. Bigfoot lives? AJODO 129(3):323-4.
  15. Huang GJ. 2006. Accessing evidence via the internet. AJODO 130(2):129-30.
  16. Huang GJ. 2007 Early mandibular first molar removal because of caries facilitates eruption of the ipsilateral third molar. J Evid Base Dent Pract 7:25-6.
  17. Huang GJ. 2007. AGD master’s level dentists provide little or no orthodontic care. J Evid Base Dent Pract 7:88-9.
  18. Huang GJ. 2007. Things that make me nervous. AJODO 131(5):579-80. (reprinted as a guest editorial in the Washington Stated Dental Association News. 2007, 54(10):5-7, and in the Delaware Dental Association Newsletter, Sept/Oct 2007.)
  19. Huang GJ. 2008. Posterior unilateral crossbite does not appear to be a risk factor for TMJ clicking in young adolescents. J Evid Base Dent Pract 8:43-4.
  20. Huang GJ.2008. Fourth and forty? Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 134(2):174-5.
  21. Huang GJ. 2009. Insufficient evidence to conclude that orthodontic patients derive benefits from using power toothbrushes. JADA 140(7): 914-5.
  22. Thurman MM and Huang GJ. 2009. Insufficient evidence to support the use of stabilization splints over other active interventions in the treatment of temporomandibular myofascial pain. JADA 140(12): 1524-5.
  23. DaBell J and Huang GJ. 2010. Evidence indicates minimal short-term space loss after premature loss of primary first molars. JADA 141(1): 77-8.
  1. Orthodontics: current principles and techniques, 5th Edition. Graber, Vanarsdall, and Vig. Chapter 29: searching for the evidence for practice. (June, 2011)
  2. Evidence-based orthodontics. Huang, Richmond, and Vig, editors (May, 2011)
  3. Evidence-based orthodontics. Huang, Richmond, and Vig, editors. Chapter on Open-bite (May, 2011)
  4. Seminars in Orthodontics (Evidence-based Orthodontics issue). 2013:19(3). Vig and Huang, guest editors.

Susan Herring

Interests

Biomechanics of the skull and TMJ. Functional morphology of oral behavior, especially mastication. Effects of muscle activity and loading on craniofacial skeletal biology and growth.

Publications

  1. Herring SW. In Press. Biomechanics of teeth in bone: function, movement and prosthetic rehabilitation. In Mineralized Tissues in Oral and Craniofacial Science: Biological Principles and Clinical Correlates, ed. McCauley L and Somerman M. Wiley.
  2. Herring SW, Li Y, Liu Y, Liu ZJ, Popowics TE, Rafferty KL, Wang S. 2011. Oral biology and dental models. In The Minipig in Biomedical Research, ed. McAnulty PA, Dayan, A, Hastings KH, Ganderup, N-C. Taylor & Francis, pp. 487-511.
  3. Herring SW, Rafferty KL, Liu ZJ, Lemme M. 2011. Mastication and the postorbital ligament: dynamic strain in soft tissues. Integ Comp Biol. 51(2):297-306. PMID:21593142.
  4. Herring SW. 2011. Muscle-bone interactions and the development of skeletal phenotype. In Epigenetics: Linking Genotype and Phenotype in Development and Evolution, ed. Hallgrimsson B, Hall B. San Francisco, U. Calif. Press, pp. 221-237.
  5. Ochareon P, Herring SW. 2011. Cell replication in craniofacial periosteum: appositional vs. resorptive sites. J. Anat. 218: 285-297. PMID:21223257.
  6. Chaison JB, Chen SK, Herring SW, Bollen A-M. 2010. Bone volume, tooth volume, and incisor relapse: a three-dimensional analysis of orthodontic stability. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofacial Orthop. 138:778-786. PMID:21130337.
  7. Patterson J, Siew R, Herring SW, Lin ASP, Guldberg R, Stayton PS. 2010. Hyaluronic acid hydrogels with controlled degradation properties for oriented bone regeneration. Biomaterials 31:6772-6781. PMID: 20573393.
  8. Yeh K, Popowics T, Rafferty K, Herring S, Egbert M. 2010. The effects of tooth extraction on alveolar bone biomechanics in the miniature pig, Sus scrofa. Arch Oral Biol. 55:663-669. PMID: 20580345.
  9. Dutra E, Caria PHF, Rafferty KL, Herring SW. 2010. The buccinator during mastication: a functional and anatomical evaluation in minipigs. Archives Oral Biol. 55:627-638. PMID: 20621287.
  10. Burn AK, Herring SW, Hubbard R, Zink K, Rafferty K, Lieberman DE. 2010. Dietary consistency and the midline sutures in growing pigs. Orthod. Craniofac. Res. 13:106-113.

Geoffrey M. Greenlee

Greenlee

Dr. Greenlee completed dental school at the University of Michigan in 1998. He received his MSD and certificate in Orthodontics from the UW in 2000 and then went on to do a fellowship in cleft lip/palate and craniofacial anomalies at Seattle Children’s Hospital in 2001. An interest in public health and evidence-based care led Dr. Greenlee to obtain a second masters degree in epidemiology in 2009. He pursues his academic interests in teaching and clinical research at his faculty position; Dr. Greenlee also sees patients in private practice and at the Odessa Brown Children’s Clinic.

  1. Effectiveness of MI Paste Plus and PreviDent fluoride varnish for treatment of white spot lesions: A randomized controlled trial. Greg J Huang, Brie Roloff-Chiang, Brian E. Mills, Salma Shalchi, Charles Spiekerman, Anna M. Korpak, Jeri L. Starrett, Geoffrey M Greenlee, Ross J. Drangsholt, Jack C. Matunas. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2013 January; Vol. 143(1): 31-41.
  2. Randomized Clinical Trial of Interceptive and Comprehensive Orthodontics. Gregory J. King, DMD, DMSc, Charles Spiekerman, PhD, Geoffrey M Greenlee, DDS, MSD, MPH, Greg J Huang, DDS, MSD, MPH. Journal of Dental Research. July 2012, Vol. 91, 59S-S64S (2012 Clinical Supplement)
  3. Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A In The Masseter: Effects On Incisor Eruption In Rabbits. Alfonso Navarette, DMD, MSD, Katherine L. Rafferty, PhD, Zi Jun Liu, PhD, Wenmin Ye, PhD, Geoffrey M Greenlee, DDS, MSD, MPH, Susan W. Herring, PhD. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics April 2013; Vol. 143(4): 499-506. Winner, Thomas M. Graber Award of Special Merit (AAO)
  4. Long-term Stability of Anterior Open-bite Closure with Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy. Adelina M Fontes, DMD, MSD, Donald R Joondeph, DDS, MS, Dale S Bloomquist, DDS, MS, Geoffrey M Greenlee, DDS, MSD, MPH, Terry R Wallen, DDS, PS, Greg J Huang, DDS, MSD. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2012 December; Vol. 142(2): 792-800.
  5. Bisphosphonates as a Risk Factor for Adverse Orthodontic Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Raj B Lotwala, Geoffrey M Greenlee, Susan M Ott , Stanton H Hall, Greg J Huang. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2012 November; Vol. 142(5): 625-634.e3.
  6. Clinical Correlation: Biomechanics of Teeth In Bone. Gregory King, DMD, DMSc, Geoffrey Greenlee, DDS, MSD, MPH, Paola Leone DDS, MS, and Greg Vaughn, DDS, MSD. Chapter 31 in Mineralized Tissues in Oral and Craniofacial Science: Biological Principles and Clinical Correlates, 2012 by Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Laurie K. McCauley, DDS, PhD and Martha Somerman, DDS, PhD, editors
  7. Stability of Anterior Openbite Correction: An Assessment of the Evidence. Greg J Huang, DDS, MSD & Geoffrey M Greenlee, DDS, MSD, MPH. Chapter in Evidence-Based Orthodontics, 2011 by Wiley-Blackwell Publishing. Greg J. Huang, Stephen Richmond, & Katherine W.L. Vig, editors
  8. Medicaid and Privately Financed Orthodontic Patients Have Similar Dental and Psychosocial Outcomes. Gregory J King, DMD, DMSc, H. Asuman Kiyak, PhD, Geoffrey M Greenlee, DDS, MSD, MPH, Greg J Huang, DDS, MSD, MPH, & Charles Spiekerman, PhD. accepted for publication 8/5/2011 in Journal of Public Health Dentistry, 2012 Spring; Vol. 72(2): 94-103. Also published online doi reference citation: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2011.00288.x
  9. Stability of Anterior Openbite Malocclusion: a Meta-Analysis. Geoffrey M Greenlee, Greg J Huang, Stephanie S Chen, Judy Chen, Thomas Koepsell, Philippe Hujoel. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2011 February; Vol. 139(2): 154-169. The AJODO #1 most downloaded article of 2011.
  10. Survey of Orthodontists’ Attitudes and Experiences Regarding Miniscrew Implants. Jeffrey D Hyde, DDS, Gregory J King, DMD, DMSc, Geoffrey M Greenlee, DDS, MSD, MPH, Charles Spiekerman, PhD, Greg J Huang, DDS, MSD, MPH. Journal of Clinical Orthodontics, 2010 August; Vol 44, Number 8, pp. 481-486
  11. Systematic Review on Self-Ligating Brackets. Stephanie S Chen, Geoffrey M Greenlee, Jihyun E Kim; Craig L Smith; Greg J Huang. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2010 June; Vol. 137(6): 726.e1-726.e18. The AJODO #4 most downloaded article of 2011.
  12. Dental Effects of Interceptive Orthodontic Treatment in a Medicaid Population: Interim Results from a Randomized Clinical Trial. Cameron J Jolley Greg J Huang Geoffrey M Greenlee, Charles Spiekerman, H Asuman Kiyak, Gregory J King. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2010 March; Vol. 137(3): 324-333. Winner, Thomas M. Graber Award of Special Merit (AAO)
  13. Effects of Malocclusion and Its Treatment on the Quality of Life of Adolescents Kelly Ryan-Taylor, H Asuman Kiyak, Geoffrey M Greenlee, Greg J Huang, Cameron J Jolley, Gregory J King. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 2009 September; Vol. 136(3): 382-392
  14. Rapid Maxillary Expansion Results Primarily in Dental, not Skeletal, Changes. Geoffrey M Greenlee, DDS, MSD The Journal of Evidence-Based Dental Practice, 2007 February: Vol. 7,(1): 17-18
  15. A cephalometric comparison of two treatment modalities for adolescent patients with Class II malocclusion: cervical headgear versus maxillary first premolar extraction. Darcy C Cruikschank, Peter Shapiro, Geoffrey M Greenlee, Greg Huang, Robert Little. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (Abstract published 2006 March; Vol. 129: 448, full article in revision)
  16. Sensitivity of a Method for the Analysis of Facial Mobility: I. Vector of displacement. Carroll-Ann Trotman, BDS, MA, M.. Julian J Faraway, PhD, Kirsten T Silvester, B.S., Geoffrey M Greenlee, BS, Lysle E Johnston, Jr, DDS, MS, PhD. Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, 1998 June; Vol 35, Issue 2: pp. 132-141

Anne-Marie Bollen

Background

Dr. Bollen received her DDS 1984 University of Brussels; She received her MS in Orthodontics in 1986 and her PhD in Oral Biology in 1990 from the University of Michigan. She is an ABO Diplomate. Clinical: private practice.

Research Interests

Bone metabolism.

Publications (including accepted)

1. Bollen A-M, Makinen KK, Makinen P-L, and Carlson, DS. Collagenolytic and phosphatase activity in the rat mandible after functional protrusion. Archs Oral Biol 34(4): 267-273, 1989.

2. Hujoel PP, Bollen A-M, and Schork A. Quantification of periodontal attachment of single rooted teeth. J Clin Periodontol 16(4): 224-229, 1989.

3. Bollen A-M, Carlson D, and Dziewiatkowski DD. Aggregation of proteoglycans in cephalic, epiphyseal and articular cartilages in growing sheep. Connect Tissue Res 24(2): 121-127, 1990.

4. Bollen A-M and Makinen KK. Purification and characterization of a soluble endopeptidase from rat bone. Calcif Tissue Int 48(2): 111-119, 1991.

5. Hujoel PP, Bollen A-M, and DeRouen TA. Quantification of periodontal attachment of multi-rooted teeth. J Clin Periodontol 19(3): 193-196, 1992.

6. Hujoel PP, Bollen A-M, and Mueller,B. One-year mortality among infants with cleft lip and/or cleft palate. The Cleft Palate J. 29(5): 451-455, 1992.

7. Hanson DA, Weis MA, Bollen A-M, Maslan SL, Singer FR, and Eyre DR. A specific immunoassay for monitoring human bone resorption: quantitation of type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptides in urine. J. Bone Mineral. Res. 7(11): 1251-1258, 1992.

8. Bollen A-M and Eyre DR. Direct extraction of gelatinases from rat bone. Connect Tissue Res. 29(3): 223-230, 1993.

9. Bollen A-M and Eyre DR. Bone resorption rates in children monitored by the urinary assay of collagen type I cross-linked peptides. Bone 15(1): 31-34, 1994.

10. Bollen A-M and Hujoel PP. Configurational differences in six skeletal landmarks in surgically treated and nonsurgically treated Class II patients. Int J Adult Orthod Orthognath Surg 9(1): 37-42, 1994.

11. Brenner RE, Vetter U, Bollen A-M, Morike M, and Eyre DR. Bone resorption assessed by immunoassay of urinary cross-linked collagen peptides in patients with osteogenesis inperfecta. J Bone Mineral Res 9(7): 993-997,1994.

12. Bollen A-M, Martin MD, Leroux BG, and Eyre DR. Circadian variation in urinary excretion of bone collagen cross-links. J Bone Mineral Res 10(12):1885- 1890: 1995.

13. Martin MD, McCann T, Naleway C, Woods JS, Leroux,BG, Bollen A-M. The validity of spot urine samples for low-level occupational mercury exposure assessment and relationship to porphyrin and creatinine excretion rates. J Pharmacol ExpTher 277(1): 239-244, 1996.

14. Bollen A-M. Commentary to paper “Orthodontic treatment for a patient after menopause”. Angle Orthod 66: 179-180, 1996.

15. Law, AN, Bollen A-M, and Chen, S-K. Detecting osteoporosis using dental radiographs: a comparison of four methods. JADA 127(12): 1734-1742, 1996.

16. Hall, DH and Bollen A-M. Comparison of sonically-derived and traditional cephalometric values. Angle Orthod. 67(5): 365-372, 1997.

17. Bollen A-M, Kiyak, HA, and Eyre DR. Longitudinal evaluation of a bone resorption marker in elderly subjects. Osteoporosis Int 7(6): 544-549, 1997.

18. Bollen A-M, McCulloch, KJ and Herring, SW. Whole body bone resorption in the growing pig. Growth Dev Aging 61(3-4): 181-189, 1997.

19. Law AN, Bollen A-M, and Chen S-K. Knochendichtemessung anhand von Zahnfilmen? Asthetische Zahnmedizin 1: 52-55, 1999.

20. Bollen A-M. A prospective longitudinal study of the urinary excretion of a bone resorption marker in adolescents. Annals of Human Biology 27(2): 199-211, 2000.

21. Bollen A-M, Taguchi A, Hujoel PP, Hollender LG. Case-control study on self-reported osteoporotic fractures and mandibular cortical bone. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics 90(4):518-24, 2000.

22. Bollen, A-M, Taguchi A, Hujoel PP, Hollender LG. Fractal dimension from dental radiographs. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 30(5):270-275, 2001.

23. Bollen A-M. Letter to Editor: Diving, patent foramen ovale, and brain lesions. Annals of Internal Medicine 135(10): 928-9, 2001.

24. Bollen A-M. Unknown impact of an orthodontic functional appliance (Twin block) on growth in Class II division 1 malocclusions suggests caution. J Evid Base Dental Pract : 2, 2002.

25. Bollen A-M. Large overjet and longer teeth are associated with more root resorption when treated orthodontically. J Evid Base Dental Pract :2, 2002.

26. Bollen A-M. Extraction patterns are associated with root resorption. J Evid Base Dental Pract :2, 2002.

27. Bollen A-M. Resin-modified glass-ionomer cement can be used to bond orthodontic brackets. J Evid Base Dental Pract :2, 2002.

28. Bollen A-M, Huang G, King G, Hujoel PP, Ma T. Sequential removable orthodontic appliances, activation time and material stiffness. Part I: Ability to complete treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 124(5):496-501, 2003.

29. Clements KM, Bollen A-M, Huang G, King G, Hujoel PP, Ma T. Sequential removable orthodontic appliances, activation time and material stiffness. Part II: Dental improvements. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 124(5): 502-508, 2003.

30. Taguchi A, Sanada M, Suei Y, Ohtsuka M, Nakamoto T, Lee K, Tsuda M, Ohama K, Tanimoto K, Bollen, A-M. Effect of estrogen use on tooth retention, oral bone height, and oral bone porosity in Japanese postmenopausal women. Menopause 11(5):556-62, 2004.

31. Bollen A-M, Taguchi A, Hujoel PP, Hollender LG. Number of teeth and residual alveolar ridge height in subjects with and without a history of osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporosis Int 15(12): 970-974, 2004.

32. Hujoel PP, Bollen A-M, Noonan CJ, del Aguila MA. Antepartum dental radiography and infant low birth weight. JAMA 291(16):1987-1993, 2004.

33. Bollen A-M. Letter to the Editor. Three-dimensional scans and radiation exposure. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 126(2);17A, 2004.

34. Bollen A-M. Herbst appliance more effective than twin-block appliance in treating adolescent Class II division 1 malocclusions. J Evid Base Dental Pract 4, 2004.

35. Hujoel PP, Lydon-Rochelle M, Bollen A-M, Woods JS, Geurtsen W, del Aguila MA. Mercury exposure from dental filling placement during pregnancy and low birth weight risk. Am J Epidemiol 161(8): 734-740, 2005.

36. Taguchi A, Suei Y, Ohtsuka M, Nakamoto T, Lee K, Sanada M, Tsuda M, Ohama K, Tanimoto K, Bollen A-M. Relationship between self-reported periodontal status and skeletal bone mineral density in Japanese postmenopausal women. Menopause 12(2): 144-148, 2005.

37. Hujoel PP, Bollen A-M, Noonan CJ. Response to Brent. Health Phys 89(4):395-7, 2005.

38. Orsini MG, Huang GJ, Kiyak HA, Ramsay DS, Bollen A-M, Anderson NK, Giddon DB. Methods to evaluate profile preferences for the anteroposterior position of the mandible. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 130(3): 283-291, 2006.

39. Rothe LE, Bollen A-M, Little RM, Herring SW, Chaison JB, Chen C,Hollender LG. Trabecular and cortical bone as risk factors for orthodontic relapse. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 130(4):476-484,2006

40. Bollen A-M and Bai X-Q. Effects of long-term calcium intake on body weight, body fat and bone in growing rats. Osteoporosis Int. 16:1864-1870, 2005.

41. Taguchi A, Tsuda M, Ohtsuka M, Kodama I, Sanada M, Nakamoto T, Inagaki K, Noguchi T, Kudo Y, Suei Y, Tanimoto K, Bollen A-M. Use of dental panoramic radiographs in identifying younger postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Osteoporosis Int. 17(3):387-94,2006.

42. Bollen A-M, Cunha-Cruz J, Hujoel PP. Secular trends in US pre-adult orthodontic care: 1942-2002. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 132(5):579- 85,2007.

43. Bollen A-M, Baskin CR, Treuting PM. Additional cases of urolithiasis in rats consuming a dl bitartrate form of choline in a purified diet. Comp Med 56(4):245-6, 2006.

44. Hujoel P, Hollender L, Bollen A-M, Young JD, Cunha-Cruz J, McGee MK, Grosso A. Thyroid shields and neck exposures in cephalometric radiography. BMC Medical Imaging, 6:6, 2006.

45. Baldwin DK, King G, Huang GJ, Ramsay DS, Bollen A-M. Activation time and material stiffness of sequential removable orthodontic appliances. Part 3: Premolar extraction cases. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 133:837-45, 2008.

46. Hujoel PP, Hollender L, Bollen A-M, Young JD, McGee M, Grosso A. Radiographs associated with one episode of orthodontic therapy. J Dent Education, 70(10):1061-1065, 2006

47. Bollen A-M. Female osteoporosis may be associated with composite endpoint of periodontal disease. J Evid Based Dent Pract 6(4):289-90, 2006.

48. Decker J, Curtis C-S, Bollen A-M. A model for digital archiving of radiographs into a World-Wide-Web searchable database following DICOM standards. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 132(6);856-9,2007.

49. Fudaley P, Rothe LE, Bollen A-M. Effects of post-treatment skeletal maturity as measured with the cervical vertebral maturation method on relapse of incisor alignment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 134(2):238-244,2008.

50. Huynh T, Kennedy DB, Joondeph DR, Bollen A-M. Treatment response and stability of slow maxillary expansion using Haas, Hyrax and Quad Helix appliances- A retrospective study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 136:331-9, 2009.

51. Hujoel P, Hollender L, Bollen A-M, Young JD, McGee M, Grosso A. Head-and-neck organ doses from an episode of orthodontic care. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 133(2):210-7,2008.

52. Taguchi A, Ohtsuka M, Nakamoto T, Suei Y, Kudo Y, Tanimoto K, Bollen A-M. Detection of postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density and elevated biochemical markers of bone turnover by panoramic radiographs. Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology, 37,433-437,2008.

53. Bollen A-M, Cunha-Cruz J, Bakko DW, Huang GJ, Hujoel PP. Effects of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health; a systematic review of controlled evidence. JADA, 139(4):413-422,2008.

54. Fudaley P, Bollen A-M. Effectiveness of the cervical vertebral maturation method to predict post-peak circumpubertal growth of the craniofacial structures. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 137:59-65, 2010.

55. Bollen A-M. Effects of malocclusions and orthodontics on periodontal health: evidence from a systematic review. J Dent Education, 72(8):912-918,2008.

56. Bollen A-M. Review of: Cervical vertebral and dental maturity in Turkish subjects. J Evid Based Dent Pract, 8(2):91-2, 2008

57. Bollen A-M. Orthodontic faculty research activities. PCSO Bulletin 80(3), 23-25, 2008.

58. Chaison JB, Chen SK, Herring SW, Bollen A-M. Bone volume, tooth volume, and incisor relapse: A three-dimensional analysis of orthodontic stability. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 138:778-86, 2010.

59. Fudaley P, Bollen A-M, Hujoel IA. Relapse of mandibular incisor alignment is not associated with the total post-treatment mandibular rotation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 138(4), 392.e1-392.e7, 2010.

60. Brin I, and Bollen A-M. External apical root resorption in patients treated by serial extractions followed by mechanotherapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 139(2):e129-e134, 2011

61. Bollen A-M. Interceptive orthodontic treatment improves malocclusions over no treatment but does not produce finished-quality results. Journal Evidence Based Dentistry, 10(4): 248-249, 2010.

62. Bollen A-M. Interceptive orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusions is slightly more successful with headgear/biteplane than with bionator treatment. J Evid Base Dent Pract 11(1): 58-59, 2011

63. Huang GJ, Bates SB, Ehlert AA, Whiting DP, Chen SS-H, Bollen, A-M. Stability of deep-bite correction – a systematic review. Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists 1:e89-e96, 2012.

64. Bollen A-M. Self-etching primers result in higher odds of attachment failure than acid etch, but do result in modest time savings. Journal Evidence Based Dental Practice, in press, 2013.

Burcu Bayirli

Bayirli

Dr. Bayirli graduated from Istanbul University, School of Dentistry. She came to the US to study Orthodontics at the University of Michigan. After getting her MS degree in Orthodontics, Dr. Bayirli decided to pursue her interest in research and teaching so she enrolled in the program in Epidemiology at the University of Michigan School of Public Health and received her PhD in Epidemiology. As she was finishing her PhD, she was offered a full time position teaching at University of Detroit Mercy, School of Dentistry in the Department of Orthodontics. In 2006, she was promoted to Associate Professor with tenure and kept this position until 2011. In 2011, she moved to Seattle and is teaching part time in the Department of Orthodontics at the University of Washington.

Access to orthodontic care for underserved populations and orthodontic treatment outcomes.
  1. Bayirli B. Mandibular Response, Master’s Thesis, University of Michigan, 1996.
  2. Sarma A, Foxman B, Bayirli B, Haefner H, Sobel JD. Epidemiology of Vulvar Vestibulitis Syndrome: An Exploratory Case-Control Study. Sex Transm Inf, 1999;75:320-326.
  3. Bayirli B. Relationship of Respiratory Disease and Allergy to Malocclusion, Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan, 2006
  4. Pangrazio-Kulbersh V, Berger JL, Janisse FN, Bayirli B. Long-term stability of Class III treatment: rapid palatal expansion and protraction facemask vs LeFort I maxillary advancement osteotomy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007 Jan;131(1):7.e9-19.
  5. Thornberg, M.J., Riolo CS, Bayirli, B., Riolo ML, VanTubergen, E. A., and Kulbersh, R. “Periodontal Pathogen Levels in an Adolescents Before, During and After Fixed Orthodontic Appliance Therapy, Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop, 2009;135(1):95-98.
  6. Siara-Olds NJ, Pangrazio-Kulbersh V, Berger J, Bayirli B. Long-term dento-skeletal changes with the Bionator, Herbst, Twin Block, and MARA functional appliances. Angle Orthod, 2010;80(1):18-29.
  7. Ibitayo AO, Pangrazio-Kulbersh V, Berger J, Bayirli B. Dentoskeletal effects of functional appliances vs bimaxillary surgery in hyperdivergent Class II patients. Angle Orthod, 2011; 81(2):304-11.
  8. Kegler M, Pangrazio-Kulbersh V, Berger J, Bayirli B. Treatment effects of the MARA in patients with Class II skeletal malocclusions. (Submitted Angle Orthod)
  9. Bayirli B, Vaden JL, Johnston LEJ Jr. Long term mandibular skeletal and dental effects of standard edgewise treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 2013;144:682-90.
  1. Bayirli B. Clinical Epidemiology and Malocclusion, Chapter 10, p.. IN Riolo ML, Avery JK (eds.): Essentials for Orthodontic Practice, 1st edition, Grand Haven, EFOP, 2003.
  2. Bayirli B. Clinical Epidemiology and Malocclusion, Chapter 10, p.. IN Riolo ML, Avery JK (eds.): Essentials for Orthodontic Practice, 1st edition, Grand Haven, a Vitalsource Technologies, DVD publication, 2004.
  3. Bayirli B. Clinical Epidemiology and Malocclusion, Chapter 10, p.. IN Riolo ML, Avery JK (eds.): Essentials for Orthodontic Practice, 2nd edition, Grand Haven, a Vitalsource Technologies, DVD publication, 2007.
  4. Bayirli B, Riolo CS, Thornberg M, Riolo ML. Treatment Tactics for Problems Related to Dentofacial Discrepancies in Three Planes of Space. Chapter 10, In: Mosby’s Orthodontic Review, eds: English J, Peltomaki T, Pham-Litschel, K. (March 2008)
  5. Bayirli B. Clinical Epidemiology and Malocclusion, Chapter 10, p.. IN Riolo ML, Avery JK (eds.): Essentials for Orthodontic Practice, 3rd edition, Grand Haven, 2010.